Journal of Bacteriology and Infectious Diseases

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Journal of Bacteriology and Infectious Diseases 44 7897 074717

PLASMODIUM Falciparum JOURNAL

Plasmodium falciparum may be a protozoan parasite that causes an communicable disease referred to as malaria. P. falciparum is that the most severe strain of the malaria species correlated with almost every malarial death. the opposite 3 species that cause malaria include: P. vivax, P. ovale, and P. malariae. Humans become infected by a female Anopheles mosquito which, transfers a parasitic vector through its saliva into the blood stream. The parasite then infects the liver and undergoes agamogenesis followed by insertion into red blood cells where a further round of replication takes place. P. falciparum changes the surface of an infected red blood corpuscle causing it to stick to blood vessels, cytoadherence, also on other red blood cells. In severe cases this results in obstructions of microcirculation leading to dysfunction of the many organs. Symptoms depend upon severity of infection and may present a variety of signs like flulike symptoms, vomiting diarrhea, shock, renal failure , coma, and death. Plasmodium falciparum mostly infects children under the age of 5 also as pregnant women.
P. falciparum doesn't have a hard and fast structure but undergoes continuous change during the course of its life cycle. A sporozoite is spindle-shaped and 10–15 μm long. within the liver it grows into an ovoid schizont of 30–70 μm in diameter. Each schizont produces merozoites, each of which is roughly 1.5 μm long and 1 μm in diameter. within the erythrocyte the merozoite form a ring-like structure, becoming a trophozoite. A trophozoites prey on the haemoglobin and forms a granular pigment called haemozoite . The gametocytes of P. falciparum are elongated and crescent-shaped, by which they're sometimes identified. A mature gametocyte is 8–12 μm long and 3–6 μm wide. The ookinete is additionally elongated measuring about 18–24 μm
The apical complex, which is really a mixture of organelles, is a crucial structure. The apicoplast is involved within the synthesis of lipids and a number of other other compounds and provides a beautiful drug target.

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