Journal of Fisheries Research

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Journal of Fisheries Research 44 7897 074717

Open-Raceway-Ponds

The open raceway pond is most frequently used and cheapest cultivation system for commercial production of microalgae. Cost investment for these systems range from 0.13 to 0.37 at 100 ha scale . Raceway systems are used commercially worldwide including  United States, Thailand, China, Chile, and Israel to produce microalgae for high-value applications related to human consumption. At industrial scale, reactors from 1000 to 5000 m2 are used. These are built on compacted soil that are  covered by polymers, although some examples also exist using only compacted soil, for example, for wastewater treatment (Craggs et al., 2012) that which are used for harvesting purposes.

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