Validity and reliability of a self-report measure of diet in patients with type 2 diabetes

Validity and reliability of a self-report measure of diet in patients with type 2 diabetes

International conference on DIABETES, NUTRITION, METABOLISM & MEDICARE
July 24-26, 2017 | Vancouver, Canada

Sylvie Akohoue, Kenneth Wallston, David Schlundt and Russell Rothman

Vanderbilt University, USA

Posters & Accepted Abstracts : J Nutr Hum Health

Abstract:

Purpose: Patients with diabetes and low literacy and numeracy skills have difficulty adhering to dietary recommendations. Practical and effective tools assessing self-management behaviors are needed to help evaluate interventions tailored to the needs of individual patients or population groups. This study examined the psychometric properties of a short 11- item version of the Personal Diabetes Questionnaire scale (PDQ-11) among patients with Type 2 diabetes. Design Methods: Participants (n=411) completed the PDQ- 11 (English or Spanish version), the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA), the Perceived Diabetes Self- Management Scale (PDSMS), and the Adherence to Refills and Medications Scale (ARMS). Statistical analyses were conducted to explore the structure of the PDQ-11, and its internal reliability and validity. Results: Participants were 64% non-Hispanic whites; 18% non-Hispanic blacks; 24% Hispanics; with mean age, 49.3±9.4 years; mean education of 11.2±3.3 years; mean BMI, 35.8±8.9 kg/m2; and A1C, 9.6%±2.1. Factor analysis of the PDQ-11 revealed four components (items loading >0.40; cronbach's α=0.50 - 0.81): eating behavior problems; use of information for dietary decision making; calorie restriction; and activity and exercise. eating behavior problems and use of information for dietary decision making had the strongest associations with the diet subscales of the SDSCA; general diet (rs=-0.29 and 0.31, respectively); specific diet (rs=- 0.20 and 0.19, respectively) and were also correlated with the PDSMS and ARMS scores (all ps<0.001). Different PDQ- 11 subscales predicted BMI (Calorie Restriction, β = 0.17, p<0.01; and activity and exercise, β=-0.17, p<0.01); diastolic blood pressure (eating behavior problems, β =-0.14, p<0.01) and systolic blood pressure (Eating Behavior Problems, β =-0.17, p<0.01). Conclusion: The PDQ-11 is a valid measure of dietary behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes; its use may help to tailor individual nutrition intervention strategies.

Biography:

Sylvie A. Akohoue is currently working as Adjunct Assistant Professor in Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology in Meharry Medical College, USA.

Email: sakohoue@mmc.edu

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