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Journal of Timely Topics in Clinical Immunology | Volume 2

July 26-28, 2018 | Moscow, Russia

Immunology

Annual Congress on

Neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities of

Ozoroa pulcherrima

and

Sida pilosa

extracts on murine model of neuroschistosomiasis

Ulrich Femoe Membe

University of Yaoundé, Cameroon

chistosomiasis (bilharziasis) is an infectious parasitic

disease caused by blood flukes of the genus Schistosoma.

Schistosomiasis is an important public health problem in Africa.

After malaria, it is the second most prevalent tropical disease,

affectingat least 258millionpeopleworldwideand90%inAfrica

(WHO, 2017). The eggs released by the adult female worm are

mainly responsible to thepathologywhere they aredeposited in

the liver, intestine, uro-genital or Central nervous system (CNS).

The most severe clinical outcome associated with this parasite

is the infection of the central nervous system (CNS) known as

neuroschistosomiasis (NSM) and can affect the brain or the

spinal cord occurring during all phases of schistosomiasis and

resulting to severe complications. Chronic neuroschistosomiasis

results from the host’s immune response to the eggs and

the resultant granulomatous reaction and fibro-obstructive

disease. Once deposited into CNS, the mature embryo secretes

immunogenic substances that causing inflammatory reaction

leading to a periovular granulomatous reaction. In the early

phase of schistosomiasis (the first 110 days) the immune

response reaches maximum intensity (Pittella, 1997; Ferrari,

2008). The granulomas successfully destroy the ova but result

in fibrotic deposition in the host tissue. The mass effect of

thousandsofeggsandthelargegranulomasconcentratedwithin

the brain or spinal cord leads to symptoms such as headache,

focal or generalized seizures, ataxia, nystagmus, nausea and

vomiting, intracranial hypertension and neurological deficit.