Journal of Plant Biotechnology and Microbiology

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Transgenic Plants

Transgenic plants are genetically modified plants, a breeding approach that uses recombinant DNA techniques (genetic engineering) to create plants with new characteristics. They are recognized as a class of genetically modified organism (GMO). Examples of transgenic plants include tobacco (containing the Ti plasmid from Agrobacterium tumaficiens) and Bt corn (containing genes from a bacterium, Bacillus thuringiensis). Transgenic plants are used to express proteins, like antigens for vaccinations and the cry toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis, herbicide resistant genes. The first genetically modified crop was produced in 1982 which was an antibiotic-resistant tobacco plant. The major advantage of transgenic plants are larger yield, resistance to pests and diseases and capable of growing under stressful conditions and the main disadvantages include emergence of super-pests, allergic reactions and loss of biodiversity.

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