Characterizing the response of young glyphosate susceptible and glyphosateresistant amaranthus palmeri (palmer amaranth) after being sprayed with a ten percent acetic acid solution to control growth

Characterizing the response of young glyphosate susceptible and glyphosateresistant amaranthus palmeri (palmer amaranth) after being sprayed with a ten percent acetic acid solution to control growth

3^rd Annual Congress on Plant Biology & Agricultural Sciences
April 04, 2022 | Webinar

Yolander R Youngblood

Prairie View A & M University USA

Scientific Tracks Abstracts : J Agric Sci Bot

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: Amaranthus palmeri is a pervasive weed that causes crop losses every year. Traditional glyphosate-based herbicides are generally used to combat it. Overuse of glyphosate based herbicides has led to glyphosate resistance in some plants. Amaranthus palmeri is one of those plants. Two forms have been documented. One is Susceptible to traditional Glyphosate based herbicides, and the other is resistant to traditional Glyphosate based herbicides. Glyphosate has also been linked to cancer and developmental problems in children. Hence, there is a need to find organic products to control its growth and, thereby lessen its impact on the environment and its cost to farmers. We investigated the responses of Glyphosate-Susceptible (GS) and Glyphosate Resistant (GR) Amaranthus palmeri to an organic 10% acetic acid herbicide solution instead of the standard 20% solution. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that although both forms respond differently to glyphosatebased herbicides, both will respond the same way to organic-based herbicides that include acetic acid. Method: Both forms of Amaranthus palmeri were grown in the greenhouse using a standard growing protocol. The seeds were loosely placed in seed started potting soil. Once 2 to 8 leaves per plant were apparent, the leaves were sprayed with a 10% acetic acid solution. Using the JEOL Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) we noted that stomata started responding to stress caused by the solution within two hours. Results and Conclusion: After treatment with the 10% acetic acid solution, eighty-five percent (85%) of the Glyphosate Susceptible plants died within 24 hrs, while 100% of the Glyphosate-Resistant plants died within 24 hrs. Therefore, the lesser 10% acetic acid herbicide solution serves as a viable alternative to traditional glyphosate herbicides. Using a lesser concentration is better for the environment since there will be less buildup over time and less money spent over time.

Biography:

Dr. Yolander Youngblood received her BS degree in Biology from the University of Southern Mississippi, USA, in 1986. She received her MS degree in Botany from the University of South Florida, USA, in 1993. In 1999 she received her PhD. in Botany from the University of Florida, USA. Currently, her laboratory is researching Amaranthus palmeri at Prairie View A & M University, USA, where she is a Biology faculty member. As a faculty member, she teaches Botany and Practicum. Currently, in her laboratory, she studies and characterizes the biological, structural and cellular responses of leaves to certain environmental conditions, including organic herbicides. Her passion for students pushes her to be involved in different types of projects. Her research is funded by the National Science Foundation.

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