Journal of Mental Health and Aging

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Commentary - Journal of Mental Health and Aging (2025) Volume 9, Issue 3

Understanding Polypharmacy: Risks, Management, and Solutions

Michal Johnson*

Department of Family Medicine, The Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Israel

*Corresponding Author:
Michal Johnson
Department of Family Medicine, The Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Israel
E-mail: michal.johnson@gmail.com

Received: : 03-May-2025, Manuscript No. AAJMHA-25- 165381; Editor assigned: 05-May-2025, PreQC No. AAJMHA-25-165381 (PQ); Reviewed: 11-May-2025, QC No. AAJMHA-25- 165381; Revised: : 25-May-2025, Manuscript No. AAJMHA-25- 165381 (R); Published: 31-May-2025, DOI:10.35841/10.35841/aajmha-9.3.267

Citation: Citation: Johnson. M. Understanding Polypharmacy: Risks, Management, and Solutions. J Ment Health Aging. 2025; 9 (3):267

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Abstract

  

Introduction

As people live longer and develop more chronic health conditions, the use of multiple medications has become increasingly common—especially among older adults. This practice, known as polypharmacy, refers to the use of five or more medications simultaneously. While sometimes necessary for managing complex medical conditions, polypharmacy also carries significant risks, including adverse drug reactions, medication errors, and reduced quality of life. Understanding polypharmacy is essential for patients, caregivers, and healthcare providers alike to ensure medication safety and overall well-being. Polypharmacy typically involves taking multiple medications to treat various conditions. It can include prescription drugs, over-the-counter medications, supplements, and herbal products. Though not inherently harmful, polypharmacy becomes problematic when medications interact negatively, are no longer needed, or when patients experience difficulty managing their regimen. [

Older adults are particularly vulnerable to the effects of polypharmacy due to age-related changes in metabolism, increased sensitivity to certain drugs, and the presence of multiple chronic illnesses such as diabetes, hypertension, arthritis, and heart disease. The more medications a person takes, the greater the risk of harmful interactions or side effects, which can lead to hospitalization or serious health complications. Complex medication regimens can be confusing, leading to missed doses, incorrect timing, or accidental overdose. Some medications, especially sedatives and anticholinergics, can impair memory, balance, and alertness, increasing the risk of falls and functional decline in older adults. Polypharmacy contributes to higher medical expenses, both from the cost of medications and from treating drug-related complications. Managing multiple medications can be physically and emotionally taxing, reducing independence and daily functioning. [5-8].

Regular medication reviews by pharmacists or physicians can help identify unnecessary or duplicate prescriptions, check for harmful interactions, and adjust dosages appropriately. This process involves tapering or stopping medications that are no longer beneficial or may be harmful. It should always be done under professional supervision. Patients should be encouraged to keep an up-to-date list of all medications and share it with every healthcare provider they see. Using combination drugs, extended-release formulations, or aligning medication times can make adherence easier and safer Teaching patients and caregivers about the purpose, side effects, and correct usage of medications helps empower them to take an active role in their treatmen. [9, 10].

conclusion

Polypharmacy is a growing and complex issue, especially among older adults. While multiple medications are sometimes necessary for managing health conditions, the risks associated with inappropriate polypharmacy can be serious. Through careful medication management, open communication, and regular review, healthcare professionals and patients can work together to minimize risks and promote safer, more effective care. Addressing polypharmacy not only improves health outcomes but also enhances quality of life for individuals managing multiple medications.

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