Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology

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Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology 44 7897 074717

Inflammatory Biomarker Journals

Early atherosclerosis has an inflammatory component characterised by leucocytic infiltration of the vascular endothelial wall. The adhesion and transendothelial migration of circulating leucocytes is thought to be important in the initiation and progression of atherosclerotic disease. 1 These processes are mediated largely by cellular-adhesion molecules (CAMs)—a diverse group of integrin, immunoglobulin, and selectin proteins involved in the binding of cell to cell as well as cell to extracellular matrix.

Oxidative damage and inflammation are important features of the brain pathology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Oxidative damage can be found in membranes (lipid peroxidation), proteins (nitrosylation and other post-translational changes) and nucleic acids. Inflammatory changes include activation of microglia and astrocytes, with increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines. Not all of these changes are specific to AD, and occur in other neurodegenerative disorders. Both oxidative stress and inflammation are potential therapeutic targets in AD, and biomarkers could help to identify and monitor key pathways in patients with AD. This article summarizes progress in developing cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers related to oxidative stress and inflammation, problems and pitfalls related to systemic (blood- or urine-based) biomarkers in this area, and future research directions and applications.

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