Journal of Genetics and Molecular Biology

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Journal of Genetics and Molecular Biology 44 7897 074717

Human Genetics Disorders

Human genetics is that the study of the human genome and the way genes are transmitted through generations. It consists of 23 pairs of chromosomes (22 pairs of homologous chromosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes), each containing genes that code for proteins within the cell. On all homologous chromosome pairs, there are two sorts of an equivalent gene that are referred to as alleles, which are passed on from parent to offspring. Hereditary diseases also are passed down from parent to offspring via different patterns of inheritance, like autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, X-linked, and mitochondrial inheritance. These diseases often result from alterations within a person's genes called mutations. Although some mutations are benign, many causes cellular dysfunction that manifests as disease. Understanding the mechanisms underlying the transmission of genetic material is significant for understanding and treating diseases that have a genetic component.

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