Research Article - Journal of Gastroenterology and Digestive Diseases (2024) Volume 10, Issue 1
Endoscopic evaluation of gastric mucosa to the H. pylori infection status in the recent advances.
Background: H. pylori infection has been recognized as a type 1 carcinogen of the gastric malignancy, and early diagnosis and treatment are very important for its eradication. Recent findings have also shown that atrophy and intestinal metaplasia remain after successful eradication, which moderately increases the risk of gastric cancer compared to those who have never infected, therefore, evaluation of the gastric mucosa during gastroscopy is useful.
Aims: The purpose of this review is to identify and summarize the reliable literature and proposed features of H. pylori status and gastritis in studies conducted on newly developed endoscopic models that influence clinical practice. Therefore, conventional white light endoscopic, image- enhanced endoscopic models and studies related to the Kyoto classification were searched and reviewed.
Results: The conventional white light endoscopic Kyoto classification modified model is a good model and method for evaluation of H. pylori current, past, and no infection status due to worldwide use, low-cost, and time-efficient with new findings. Advanced image enhanced endoscopic models such as NBI, LCI and BLI combine use with magnifying endoscopy provide a relatively cleared endoscopic features for H. pylori infection status and early gastric cancer.
Conclusion: According to H. pylori infection status, endoscopic prediction of gastric mucosal surface architecture analysis is possible, which influences clinical management. Endoscopic models might lead us to easier diagnose and treatment of H. pylori infection and be useful not only in the eradication of H. pylori infection but also in the diagnosis of early gastric cancer.
Author(s):Shinwari Abdullah Jan*, Hashimi Sayed Zekria