Journal of Genetics and Molecular Biology

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{Chromo-somes}

Chromosomes in eukaryotes are made out of chromatin fiber. Chromatin fiber is made of nucleosomes (histone octamers with part of a DNA strand connected to and folded over it). Chromatin filaments are bundled by proteins into a dense structure called chromatin. Chromatin contains most by far of DNA, however a limited quantity acquired maternally, can be found in the mitochondria. Chromatin is available in many cells, with a couple of special cases, for instance, red platelets.

Chromatin permits the long DNA atoms to fit into the cell core. During cell division chromatin consolidates further to frame minutely noticeable chromosomes. The structure of chromosomes differs through the cell cycle. During cell division chromosomes are duplicated, separated, and passed effectively to their little girl cells in order to guarantee the hereditary decent variety and endurance of their descendants. Chromosomes may exist as either copied or unduplicated. Unduplicated chromosomes are single twofold helixes, while copied chromosomes contain two indistinguishable duplicates (called chromatids or sister chromatids) joined by a centromere.

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