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Opinion Article - Journal of Cancer Immunology & Therapy (2023) Volume 6, Issue 2
Surgical options for cancer treatment and benefits of different types of surgery
Berry Feinglass*
Department of Surgery, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
- *Corresponding Author:
- Berry Feinglass
Department of Surgery
Sichuan University
Sichuan, China
E-mail:feinglass.berry@nm.org
Received: 28-Mar-2023, Manuscript No. AAJCIT-23-94460; Editor assigned: 30-Mar-2023, PreQC No. AAJCIT-23-94460(PQ); Reviewed: 13-Apr-2023, QC No. AAJCIT-23-94460; Revised: 18-Apr-2023, Manuscript No. AAJCIT-23-94460(R); Published: 25-Apr-2023, DOI: 10.35841/aajcit-6.2.138
Citation: Feinglass B. Surgical options for cancer treatment and benefits of different types of surgery. J Cancer Immunol Ther. 2023;6(2):138
Introduction
Cancer surgery is a type of medical procedure that is used to treat various types of cancer. It involves removing cancerous cells or tumors from the body. Cancer surgery is often used in conjunction with other cancer treatments such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Cancer surgery is one of the most common treatments for cancer, with the goal of removing as much of the cancerous tissue as possible. The surgery can be used as a primary treatment or in combination with other treatments such as chemotherapy or radiation therapy.
The goal of cancer surgery is to remove the cancerous cells from the body, thus eliminating the disease. This can be done by removing the entire tumor, a part of it or the surrounding tissue. The surgeon may also remove lymph nodes in the area to check if the cancer has spread. Cancer surgery can be performed through different methods depending on the location of the cancer and its size. For example, minimally invasive surgery may be used to remove small tumors, while open surgery may be needed to remove larger tumors. During minimally invasive surgery, small incisions are made in the skin and a thin, flexible tube with a camera is inserted into the body. The camera allows the surgeon to see the tumor and surrounding tissue on a monitor, while special surgical tools are used to remove the cancerous tissue. This type of surgery typically results in less scarring, a shorter hospital stay and a quicker recovery time [1].
Types of cancer surgery
There are several types of cancer surgery, depending on the type, location, and stage of cancer. Some of the most common types of cancer surgery include:
Diagnostic surgery: This type of surgery is done to determine whether a person has cancer or not. Biopsy is one of the most common diagnostic procedures, where a small sample of the suspicious tissue is removed and examined under a microscope.
Staging surgery: Staging surgery is done to determine the extent and spread of cancer in the body. This type of surgery helps the doctors to decide on the best treatment options for the patient [2].
Curative surgery: Curative surgery is done to remove the cancerous tissue or tumors from the body. The goal of curative surgery is to remove all the cancerous cells from the body.
Palliative surgery: Palliative surgery is done to relieve the symptoms of cancer, such as pain or breathing difficulties, but not to cure the disease.
Risks and benefits of cancer surgery: Like any other surgery, cancer surgery carries risks, such as bleeding, infection, and reaction to anesthesia. However, the benefits of cancer surgery may outweigh the risks, as it may offer the best chance of cure or long-term survival for some patients. Moreover, cancer surgery may also help to improve the quality of life of cancer patients by relieving their symptoms [3].
Preparing for cancer surgery: Before cancer surgery, the patient should discuss with the doctor about the type of surgery, its risks and benefits, and the recovery process. The patient should inform the doctor about any medications, supplements, or herbs they are taking, as they may affect the surgery or the recovery process. The doctor may also advise the patient to stop smoking, as smoking may affect the healing process [4].
After cancer surgery, patients will typically need to stay in the hospital for a few days to a week to recover. They may experience pain, swelling, and fatigue, but these symptoms can be managed with pain medication and rest. Patients may also need to undergo follow-up tests to monitor for any recurrence of cancer. Overall, cancer surgery is an important treatment option for many types of cancer. It can be used as a curative treatment or as a way to relieve symptoms caused by cancer. Patients considering cancer surgery should discuss their options with their healthcare team and carefully weigh the potential benefits and risks of the procedure [5].
Conclusion
Cancer surgery is a critical part of cancer treatment, and it may offer the best chance of cure or long-term survival for some patients. However, like any other surgery, cancer surgery carries risks, and the patient should discuss with the doctor about the risks and benefits of surgery before making a decision. The patient should also follow the doctor's instructions for pre and post-operative care to promote healing and prevent complications.
References
- Arruebo M, Vilaboa N, Sáez-Gutierrez B, et al. Assessment of the evolution of cancer treatment therapies. Cancers. 2011;3(3):3279-330.
- Dagogo-Jack I, Shaw AT. Tumour heterogeneity and resistance to cancer therapies. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2018;15(2):81-94.
- Shapira A, Livney YD, Broxterman HJ, et al. Nanomedicine for targeted cancer therapy: Towards the overcoming of drug resistance. Drug Resist Updat. 2011;14(3):150-63.
- Sage EK, Thakrar RM, Janes SM. Genetically modified mesenchymal stromal cells in cancer therapy. Cytotherapy. 2016;18(11):1435-45.
- Vecht CJ, Avezaat CJ, Van Putten WL, et al. The influence of the extent of surgery on the neurological function and survival in malignant glioma. A retrospective analysis in 243 patients. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1990;53(6):466-71.
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