Journal of Dermatology Research and Skin Care

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Opinion Article - Journal of Dermatology Research and Skin Care (2025) Volume 9, Issue 2

Skin Care for Infants: Best Practices and Common Concerns

Katherine Scala *

Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, US

*Corresponding Author:
Katherine Scala
Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, US
E-mail: ketscala8@med.cornell.edu

Received: 03-Apr -2025, Manuscript No. AADRSC-25-163878; Editor assigned: 04-Apr-2025, PreQC No. AADRSC-25-163878 (PQ); Reviewed:18-Apr-2025, QC No. AADRSC-25-163878; Revised:23-Apr-2025, Manuscript No. AADRSC-25-163878 (R); Published:28-Apr-2025, DOI:10.35841/aara-9.2.263

Citation: Scala K. Skin care for infants: Best practices and common concerns. Dermatol Res Skin Care. 2025; 9(2):263

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Introduction

An infant's skin is delicate, sensitive, and significantly different from adult skin in both structure and function. The epidermis is thinner, the protective barrier is still developing, and the immune defenses are immature, making babies more prone to dryness, irritation, and infections. For parents and caregivers, understanding best practices in infant skincare and recognizing common dermatological issues is crucial in promoting healthy skin and preventing complications [1].

Infant skin is about 20–30% thinner than adult skin, which results in increased permeability and susceptibility to irritants. Newborns also have a higher surface area-to-body weight ratio, meaning any topical products applied are more readily absorbed, amplifying both potential benefits and risks. In the first few weeks, the skin undergoes adaptation to the dry extrauterine environment, often showing signs such as peeling or erythema (redness) [2].

Daily cleansing is essential but should be gentle and non-disruptive to the skin barrier. Use lukewarm water and fragrance-free, pH-neutral cleansers specifically formulated for infants. Over-washing or using harsh soaps can lead to dryness and irritation [3].

Regular use of emollients helps maintain hydration and supports barrier function. Studies show that applying moisturizers can reduce the risk of atopic dermatitis in high-risk infants. Choose ointments or creams over lotions, as they contain fewer preservatives and are more effective in retaining moisture [4].

Infants do not require daily baths in the early months. Two to three times per week is sufficient unless soiled. Baths should be brief (5–10 minutes), and the skin should be gently patted dry before applying moisturizer to lock in hydration [5].

Frequent diaper changes and the use of barrier creams containing zinc oxide or petrolatum help prevent diaper dermatitis. Allowing brief periods of diaper-free time promotes skin breathing and healing. Dress infants in soft, breathable fabrics like cotton. Wash baby clothes in fragrance-free, hypoallergenic detergents, and rinse thoroughly to remove residues that may irritate sensitive skin [6].

Infants under 6 months should be kept out of direct sunlight. Use protective clothing, hats, and stroller shades. For older infants, if exposure is unavoidable, apply broad-spectrum, mineral-based sunscreen (zinc oxide or titanium dioxide) to small exposed areas [7].

Usually appearing within the first few weeks, neonatal acne is caused by maternal hormone influence and resolves on its own without treatment. Avoid oily creams or over-the-counter acne products. This presents as greasy, yellowish scales on the scalp [8].

Gentle removal with a soft brush and the use of mild shampoo or mineral oil can help. In more persistent cases, antifungal or corticosteroid creams may be prescribed. Characterized by dry, itchy patches, often on the cheeks, arms, and legs. It may be triggered by allergens or irritants. Regular moisturization, avoiding harsh products, and managing environmental triggers are key [9].

Tiny white bumps on the nose and cheeks caused by trapped keratin. These resolve without intervention and require no treatment. A common inflammatory reaction due to prolonged moisture, friction, and exposure to irritants. Prevented by frequent diaper changes, air drying, and applying barrier creams. If accompanied by redness with satellite lesions, a yeast infection may be present and require antifungal treatment [10].

Conclusion

Caring for an infant’s skin requires a balance of gentle hygiene, effective moisturization, and attention to common dermatological conditions. With proper practices and awareness of when to seek medical attention, parents and caregivers can help ensure their baby’s skin stays healthy and comfortable. As the skin barrier continues to mature throughout infancy, supportive care lays the foundation for long-term dermatologic health.

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