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Rapid Communication - Journal of Cancer Immunology & Therapy (2023) Volume 6, Issue 3
Haematological cancers are treated with immunotherapeutic methods.
Lanier Smyth*
Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
- *Corresponding Author:
- Lanier Smyth
Department of Breast Surgery
Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center
Shanghai, 200032, China
E-mail:lanier.sm75@hotmail.com
Received:16-May-2023,Manuscript No. AAJCIT-23-102143; Editor assigned: 19-May-2023, PreQC No. AAJCIT-23-102143(PQ); Reviewed:25-May-2023, QC No. AAJCIT-23-102143; Revised:06-Jun-2023, Manuscript No. AAJCIT-23-102143(R); Published:13-Jun-2023, DOI: 10.35841/aajcit- 6.3.147
Citation: Smyth L. Haematological cancers are treated with immunotherapeutic methods. J Cancer Immunol Ther. 2023;6(3):147
Abstract
Introduction
Haematological cancers, including leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma, pose significant challenges in terms of diagnosis and treatment. Conventional therapies, such as chemotherapy and radiation, have been the mainstay of treatment for many years. However, the emergence of immunotherapeutic strategies has revolutionized the management of these malignancies. This article provides an overview of the immunotherapeutic methods employed in the treatment of haematological cancers, including monoclonal antibodies, immune checkpoint inhibitors, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, and immune-modulating drugs. The potential benefits, challenges, and future prospects of these approaches are discussed, highlighting their transformative impact on the field of haematological cancer treatment. Haematological cancers encompass a diverse group of malignancies originating from the blood and lymphatic system. This section introduces the common types of haematological cancers, their impact on patients, and the need for innovative treatment approaches [1].
Immunotherapy in haematological cancers
Immunotherapy has emerged as a promising treatment modality for haematological cancers. This section provides a comprehensive overview of the principles underlying immunotherapeutic approaches and their potential advantages over conventional therapies.
Monoclonal antibodies in haematological cancers
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have revolutionized the treatment landscape of haematological cancers. This section explores the mechanisms of action and clinical applications of mAbs targeting specific antigens expressed on malignant cells, including CD20, CD30, and CD38[2].
Immune checkpoint inhibitors in haematological cancers
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have demonstrated remarkable success in solid tumors and are now being investigated in haematological malignancies. This section discusses the role of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) inhibitors in haematological cancers [3].
Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) t-cell therapy
CAR T-cell therapy represents a ground-breaking immunotherapeutic approach for haematological cancers. This section provides an in-depth exploration of the development, mechanism of action, clinical efficacy, and challenges associated with CAR T-cell therapy.
Immune-modulating drugs in haematological cancers
Novel immune-modulating drugs, such as immunomodulatory agents (IMiDs) and Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors have shown significant promise in haematological malignancies. This section discusses their mechanisms of action, clinical applications, and on-going research efforts[4].
Combination strategies in immunotherapy
Combining different immunotherapeutic modalities or integrating immunotherapy with conventional treatments has the potential to enhance treatment responses in haematological cancers. This section explores the rationale and clinical evidence supporting combination strategies
Challenges and limitations
Despite the remarkable success of immunotherapeutic approaches, challenges and limitations persist. This section discusses potential adverse effects, mechanisms of resistance, and the need for predictive biomarkers to optimize patient selection and treatment outcomes
Future perspectives and opportunities
Immunotherapy continues to evolve rapidly, presenting new opportunities for the treatment of haematological cancers. This section highlights on-going research and development efforts, including the exploration of novel targets, development of next-generation CAR T-cell therapies, and the role of immunotherapy in minimal residual disease and relapsed/refractory settings[5].
Conclusion
Immunotherapeutic approaches have transformed the treatment landscape of haematological cancers, offering new hope to patients. The development of monoclonal antibodies, immune checkpoint inhibitors, CAR T-cell therapy, and immune-modulating drugs has shown remarkable clinical efficacy and improved outcomes. As our understanding of the immune system deepens and novel strategies emerge, immunotherapy is expected to further revolutionize the field of haematological cancer treatment.
References
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- Yu P, Steel JC, Zhang M, et al. Simultaneous blockade of multiple immune system inhibitory checkpoints enhances antitumor activity mediated by interleukin-15 in a murine metastatic colon carcinoma model. Clin Cancer Res. 2010;16(24):6019-28.
- Garris CS, Arlauckas SP, Kohler RH, et al. Successful anti-PD-1 cancer immunotherapy requires T cell-dendritic cell crosstalk involving the cytokines IFN-γ and IL-12. Immunity.2018;49(6):1148-61.
- Read S, Greenwald R, Izcue A, et al.Blockade of CTLA-4 on CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells abrogates their function in vivo. J Immunol.2006;177(7):4376-83.
- Bross PF, Beitz J, Chen G, et al.Approval summary: Gemtuzumab ozogamicin in relapsed acute myeloid leukemia.. Clin Cancer Res. 2001;7(6):1490-6.
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