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Research Article - Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences (2017) Volume 7, Issue 60
Prevalence and In Vitro Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Non-Lactose Fermenting Gram Negative Bacteria Isolated in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal
Background: Non-lactose fermenting gram negative bacteria are emerging as important human pathogens. This group of bacteria was earlier considered to be colonizers but are now frequently isolated from different clinical specimens and are responsible for a wide range of human infections especially in immune compromised hosts. The main purpose of our study was to determine the prevalence and role of non-lactose fermenting Gram negative bacteria in causing human infections with their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern among the patients coming to a tertiary care hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted by analyzing the data on non-lactose fermenting Gram negative bacteria isolated from a total of 12970 different clinical samples obtained from the admitted patients attending a tertiary care hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal from March 2013 to March 2015. The clinical samples were processed following standard microbiological procedures and the colonies grown were identified with the help of colony characteristics, Gram staining tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using Kirby-Bauer disc and biochemical diffusion technique. Results: The non-lactose fermenting gram negative bacilli were isolated from 3.5% of the samples. The most common non-lactose fermenting gram negative bacillus isolated was Acinetobacter baumannii followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Respiratory samples recorded the highest number of nonlactose fermenting Gram negative bacilli, followed by urine samples. Among the commonly used antibiotics, the highest rate of susceptibility was found towards imipenem. Conclusion: Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa have emerged as the most common non-lactose fermenting gram negative bacteria causing human infections. Amongst the commonly used antibiotics, imipenem retained activity against such bacteria.
Author(s): Manisha Sharma, Narayan Dutt Pant