Journal of Neurology and Neurorehabilitation Research

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Short Communication - Journal of Neurology and Neurorehabilitation Research (2025) Volume 10, Issue 3

Neurocognitive Rehabilitation Strategies to Enhance Executive Function in Traumatic Brain Injury Survivors

Luca Romano*

Department of Neurophysiology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.

*Corresponding Author:
Luca Romano
Department of Neurophysiology
Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
E-mail: l.romano@uniroma1.it

Received: 03-Jul-2025, Manuscript No. JNNR-25-171941; Editor assigned: 04-Jul-2025, PreQC No. JNNR-25-1719415(PQ); Reviewed: 18-Jul-2025, QC No JNNR-25-1719415; Revised: 21-Jul-2025, Manuscript No. JNNR-25-1719415(R); Published: 28-Jul-2025, DOI:10.35841/ aajnnr -10.3.269

Citation: Romano L. Neurocognitive rehabilitation strategies to enhance executive function in traumatic brain injury survivors. J Neurol Neurorehab Res. 2025;10(3):269.

Introduction

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) frequently results in persistent deficits in executive functions, including planning, attention, problem-solving, and working memory. These impairments significantly affect daily living, occupational performance, and social integration. Neurocognitive rehabilitation aims to restore or compensate for these deficits by leveraging neural plasticity and targeted cognitive exercises. Approaches often include structured tasks that challenge executive control, computerized cognitive training, and strategy-based interventions that promote adaptive problem-solving and decision-making skills [1].

Task-specific cognitive exercises are central to executive function rehabilitation. Repetitive practice, gradually increasing task complexity, and feedback mechanisms facilitate cortical reorganization within prefrontal and parietal networks. Evidence from neuroimaging studies indicates that repeated engagement in these tasks enhances connectivity between damaged and intact regions, supporting compensatory activation. Additionally, strategy training, such as goal management and error monitoring, enables patients to develop practical approaches for daily challenges, reinforcing cognitive control and adaptive behavior [2].

Emerging technologies have augmented traditional rehabilitation paradigms. Virtual reality environments provide immersive, interactive scenarios that simulate real-world executive challenges, allowing patients to practice decision-making, multitasking, and problem-solving in a controlled, safe setting. Adaptive algorithms adjust task difficulty in real-time based on patient performance, maximizing engagement and reinforcing neural plasticity. Similarly, computerized cognitive training platforms facilitate repetitive practice of executive skills while providing quantitative measures of improvement and progression [3].

Neuromodulatory techniques, including transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), have shown promise in enhancing executive function recovery post-TBI. By increasing cortical excitability in prefrontal regions, these interventions potentiate the effects of cognitive training and accelerate network reorganization. Combined approaches integrating behavioral therapy with neuromodulation leverage synergistic mechanisms, improving both cognitive performance and functional outcomes [4].

Despite advancements, variability in TBI severity, lesion location, and patient engagement presents ongoing challenges for rehabilitation. Continuous assessment and individualized program design are essential to maximize gains. Integration of neuroimaging and electrophysiological monitoring allows clinicians to tailor interventions, identify responsive neural circuits, and refine rehabilitation strategies. Interdisciplinary collaboration among neurophysiologists, neuropsychologists, and therapists remains critical for translating research into effective clinical practice [5].

Conclusion

Neurocognitive rehabilitation targeting executive function deficits offers significant potential for improving independence and quality of life in TBI survivors. Combining task-specific training, virtual reality simulations, and neuromodulatory interventions supports adaptive neural plasticity and functional recovery. Personalized, evidence-based strategies are essential to optimize outcomes and address the diverse challenges associated with executive dysfunction following brain injury.

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