Current Trends in Cardiology

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Opinion Article - Current Trends in Cardiology (2023) Volume 7, Issue 8

Kawasaki disease in children: early diagnosis and treatment

Jaros?aw ka?mierczak *

Department of Arterial Hypertension and Diabetology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.

*Corresponding Author:
Jaros?aw ka?mierczak
Department of Arterial Hypertension and Diabetology
Medical University of Gdansk
Gdansk, Poland.
E-mail: Jaros?awka?mierczak@yahoo.com

Received:28-Jul-2023, Manuscript No. AACC-23-107491; Editor assigned: 30-Jul-2023,PreQC No. AACC-23-107491(PQ); Reviewed:14-Aug-2023,QC No. AACC-23-107491; Revised:18-Aug-2023, Manuscript No. AACC-23-107491 (R); Published:25-Aug-2023,DOI:10.35841/aacc-7.8.192

Citation: ka?mierczak J. Kawasaki disease in children: early diagnosis and treatment. J Cell Biol Metab. 2023;7(8):192

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Abstract

Kawasaki disease presents with a distinctive set of symptoms that usually occur in phases. The initial phase typically involves a persistent high fever lasting for at least five days. Alongside the fever, children may experience redness and swelling of the hands and feet, a rash on the trunk, irritated and bloodshot eyes, swollen lymph nodes in the neck, and dry, cracked lips. The second phase, which emerges after the fever subsides, is marked by peeling of the skin on the hands and feet. In severe cases, the disease can progress to affect the coronary arteries, leading to an increased risk of heart complications. Kawasaki sickness is an intense febrile disease and fundamental vasculitis of obscure etiology that dominatingly torments small kids, causes coronary course aneurysms and can result in long haul cardiovascular sequelae. Kawasaki illness is the main source of procured coronary illness among youngsters in the USA.

Keywords

Kawasaki Disease, Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome, Coronary artery aneurysms, Infantile periarteritis nodosa.

Introduction

Coronary conduit aneurysms foster in a few untreated youngsters with Kawasaki illness, prompting ischaemic coronary illness and myocardial dead tissue. Albeit intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatment diminishes the gamble of improvement of coronary vein aneurysms, a few kids have IVIG-safe Kawasaki sickness and are at expanded hazard of creating coronary course harm. Moreover, the absence of explicit demonstrative tests and biomarkers for Kawasaki infection make early determination and treatment testing. The utilization of trial mouse models of Kawasaki sickness vasculitis has significantly worked on how we might interpret the pathology of the illness and described the cell and atomic resistant components adding to cardiovascular entanglements, thusly prompting the advancement of imaginative helpful methodologies.[1].

Diagnosing Kawasaki disease can be challenging due to its overlapping symptoms with other childhood illnesses. Physicians often rely on a combination of clinical signs and symptoms, along with laboratory tests, to confirm the diagnosis. Key diagnostic criteria include prolonged fever, changes in the mucous membranes (such as strawberry tongue or redness in the throat), skin manifestations, swollen lymph nodes, and changes in the extremities. Additionally, laboratory tests may reveal elevated levels of inflammatory markers in the blood. It is crucial for healthcare providers to differentiate Kawasaki disease from other conditions like scarlet fever, measles, and viral or bacterial infections to ensure timely and appropriate treatment [2].

If left untreated, Kawasaki disease can have serious consequences, especially in relation to the heart. The most significant concern is the development of coronary artery abnormalities, such as the formation of aneurysms or the narrowing of blood vessels. These complications can increase the risk of myocardial infarction, heart valve issues, or other cardiovascular problems. It is important to note that early intervention and proper treatment significantly reduce the risk of long-term complications [4].

The primary goal of treatment for Kawasaki disease is to reduce inflammation and prevent the progression of coronary artery abnormalities. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), a solution containing antibodies, is the cornerstone of treatment. High-dose aspirin is also prescribed during the acute phase to reduce inflammation and fever. Aspirin dosage is then adjusted to an antiplatelet dose to prevent blood clot formation once the fever subsides. Close monitoring of heart function and regular follow-ups are essential to detect any cardiac abnormalities promptly. In cases where IVIG treatment is ineffective or coronary artery complications arise, additional therapies such as corticosteroids or other immunosuppressant’s may be considered [5].

Conclusion

Kawasaki disease poses a significant challenge for healthcare professionals due to its elusive cause and potential for long-term complications. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are crucial in minimizing the risk of heart-related issues and ensuring a favorable outcome. Ongoing research efforts are focused on unraveling the etiology of the disease, which may lead to improved diagnostic tools and more targeted treatment approaches. Increased awareness among healthcare providers and parents is essential for early recognition and management of Kawasaki disease. By working together, we can strive to protect the health and well-being of our children.

 

References

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