Journal of Neurology and Neurorehabilitation Research

All submissions of the EM system will be redirected to Online Manuscript Submission System. Authors are requested to submit articles directly to Online Manuscript Submission System of respective journal.

Opinion Article - Journal of Neurology and Neurorehabilitation Research (2025) Volume 10, Issue 4

Innovative Cognitive Rehabilitation Techniques to Enhance Executive Function Following Traumatic Brain Injury

Priya Nair*

Department of Neurophysiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, India.

*Corresponding Author:
Priya Nair
Department of Neurophysiology
All India Institute of Medical Sciences, India
E-mail: p.nair@aiims.edu

Received: 03-Oct-2025, Manuscript No. JNNR-25-171949; Editor assigned: 04-Oct-2025, PreQC No. JNNR-25-171949(PQ); Reviewed: 18-Oct-2025, QC No JNNR-25-171949; Revised: 21-Oct-2025, Manuscript No. JNNR-25-171949(R); Published: 28-Oct-2025, DOI:10.35841/ aajnnr -10.4.277

Citation: Nair P. Innovative cognitive rehabilitation techniques to enhance executive function following traumatic brain injury. J Neurol Neurorehab Res. 2025;10(4):277.

Introduction

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) frequently results in persistent deficits in executive functions, including planning, attention, problem-solving, and working memory. These impairments significantly impact daily activities, social integration, and occupational performance. Cognitive rehabilitation aims to harness neuroplasticity to restore or compensate for these deficits through structured training, adaptive exercises, and strategy-based interventions. Recent advances in neuroscience and technology have enabled the development of targeted interventions designed to optimize executive function recovery in TBI patients [1].

Task-specific cognitive exercises are central to rehabilitation, emphasizing repetition, progressively increasing difficulty, and feedback-driven learning. Activities such as memory drills, attention-shifting tasks, and problem-solving simulations engage prefrontal and parietal networks, promoting synaptic remodeling and functional network reorganization. Strategy training, including goal management, error monitoring, and self-regulation techniques, empowers patients to develop compensatory mechanisms that improve performance in everyday activities. Integrating these approaches facilitates both restoration of function and adaptive compensation [2].

Technological tools have enhanced cognitive rehabilitation delivery. Computerized cognitive training programs and virtual reality environments provide engaging, interactive platforms that simulate real-world challenges, encouraging the practice of executive tasks under controlled conditions. Adaptive algorithms modulate task difficulty based on patient performance, maintaining engagement and optimizing learning outcomes. Neurofeedback systems, which provide real-time information about cortical activity, allow patients to modulate brain activation patterns, reinforcing functional connectivity within task-relevant networks [3].

Adjunctive neuromodulatory approaches complement behavioral interventions. Non-invasive brain stimulation techniques, including transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), modulate cortical excitability in prefrontal regions, enhancing synaptic plasticity and amplifying the effects of cognitive training. Pharmacological support targeting neurotransmitter systems critical for attention, memory, and executive processing may further optimize rehabilitation outcomes. Multi-modal interventions combining behavioral, technological, and pharmacological strategies have shown superior efficacy compared to isolated therapies [4].

Challenges remain in tailoring rehabilitation to individual patient needs. Variability in injury location, severity, and baseline cognitive abilities necessitates personalized therapy plans. Continuous monitoring of neural and functional outcomes using neuroimaging, electrophysiology, and standardized cognitive assessments is essential for therapy adjustment. Interdisciplinary collaboration among neurologists, neuropsychologists, and therapists ensures interventions are evidence-based, patient-centered, and maximally effective in restoring executive function after TBI [5].

Conclusion

Cognitive rehabilitation targeting executive function deficits after traumatic brain injury harnesses neuroplasticity to restore and compensate for impaired networks. Integrating task-specific training, virtual reality, neurofeedback, neuromodulation, and pharmacological support enhances recovery and daily functioning. Personalized, evidence-based approaches are essential for optimizing outcomes and improving quality of life for TBI survivors.

References

  1. Aguirre AS, Moncayo OM, Mosquera J, et al. Treatment of Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy (FSHD): A Systematic Review. Cureus. 2023;15(6).

    2. Indexed at, Google Scholar, Cross Ref

  2. Tihaya MS, Mul K, Balog J, et al. Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy: the road to targeted therapies. Nat Rev Neurol. 2023;19(2):91-108.

    3. Indexed at, Google Scholar, Cross Ref

  3. Zampatti S, Colantoni L, Strafella C, et al. Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) molecular diagnosis: from traditional technology to the NGS era. Neurogenetics. 2019;20:57-64.

    4. Indexed at, Google Scholar, Cross Ref

  4. Cohen J, DeSimone A, Lek M, et al. Therapeutic approaches in facioscapulohumeral muscular dystroph Trends Mol Med. 2021;27(2):123-37.

    5. Indexed at, Google Scholar, Cross Ref

  5. Ghasemi M, Emerson Jr CP, Hayward LJ. Outcome measures in facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy clinical trials. Cells. 2022;11(4):687.

    6. Indexed at, Google Scholar, Cross Ref

Get the App