Opinion Article - Research in Clinical Dermatology (2025) Volume 8, Issue 3
Emerging Therapies for Keratoderma: A Look into New Treatment Options
Jenny Lio *
Department of Medical Biometry, University of Heidelberg, Germany
- *Corresponding Author:
- Jenny Lio
Department of Medical Biometry, University of Heidelberg, Germany
E-mail: jenny.lio@novartis.com
Received: 1-May-2025, Manuscript No. aarcd-25-164969; Editor assigned: 5-May-2025, PreQC No. aarcd-25-164969 (PQ) Reviewed:17-May-2025, QC No. aarcd-25-164969Revised:24-May-2025, Manuscript No. aarcd-25-164969; Published:31-May-2025, DOI: 10.35841/aarcd- 8.3.267
Citation: Lio J. Emerging therapies for keratoderma: A look into new treatment options. Res Clin Dermatol. 2025;8(3):267
Introduction
Keratoderma is a group of skin conditions characterized by the thickening of the skin, typically on the palms of the hands, soles of the feet, or other areas subjected to mechanical stress. The condition can range from mild to severe and can significantly affect a person's quality of life, causing pain, discomfort, and functional limitations. While traditional treatments for keratoderma, such as emollients, keratolytics, and systemic therapies, have been employed for years, new treatment options are emerging, offering hope for better management and outcomes. This article explores these emerging therapies for keratoderma, focusing on both innovative pharmacological treatments and novel topical therapies [1].
Keratoderma refers to a condition where there is abnormal thickening (hyperkeratosis) of the skin, which can occur in several forms. It is classified into two main categories: palmar-plantar keratoderma (PPK) and non-PPK forms. PPK specifically affects the palms and soles, leading to painful calluses and cracks that may interfere with walking or using the hands. Non-PPK forms can involve other areas of the body and are often part of a systemic condition [2].
The underlying causes of keratoderma can be genetic or acquired. Genetic forms may be inherited in an autosomal dominant or recessive pattern, while acquired forms can result from conditions like psoriasis, eczema, or even exposure to certain chemicals. The severity of keratoderma varies from person to person, with some individuals experiencing mild thickening of the skin, while others develop more painful and debilitating symptoms [3].
Historically, the treatment of keratoderma has focused on managing symptoms rather than curing the condition. The cornerstone of treatment has been the use of topical keratolytics, such as salicylic acid, urea, or lactic acid, which help soften and remove the thickened skin. Emollients are commonly recommended to moisturize the skin and prevent cracking. In more severe cases, systemic therapies such as oral retinoids (e.g., acitretin or isotretinoin) or biologic agents may be used, particularly if the keratoderma is associated with other skin disorders like psoriasis [4].
However, these treatments, while effective for some individuals, are not without limitations. Topical treatments may require frequent reapplication, and systemic therapies can have significant side effects. As a result, there has been growing interest in the development of more targeted and effective therapies to better manage keratoderma [5].
One of the most promising areas of research in the treatment of keratoderma is the development of targeted pharmacological therapies. These treatments aim to address the underlying mechanisms that contribute to skin thickening, such as abnormal keratinocyte proliferation, inflammation, and abnormal protein synthesis [6].
In addition to pharmacological advancements, there is growing interest in developing novel topical therapies to treat keratoderma more effectively. These treatments aim to provide targeted relief by improving skin hydration, promoting skin regeneration, and reducing the thickness of the skin [7].
One of the emerging trends in keratoderma treatment is the use of combination therapies that combine different approaches to target various aspects of the condition. For example, patients may use topical retinoids in conjunction with keratolytics to remove thickened skin while promoting healthy cell turnover. Additionally, combining biologic therapies or JAK inhibitors with topical treatments could provide a more comprehensive approach to managing inflammation and skin thickening, offering better outcomes for patients with moderate to severe keratoderma [8].
Despite the progress being made in keratoderma treatments, several challenges remain. One of the primary hurdles is the individualized nature of treatment. Keratoderma can vary greatly in severity and cause, so what works for one patient may not be effective for another. Additionally, many of the emerging therapies are still in the clinical trial phase, and it will take time before they become widely available [9].
Moreover, the cost of newer therapies, particularly biologic drugs and gene therapies, may limit their accessibility for some patients. As these treatments become more widely used, it will be important to ensure that they are accessible and affordable for those who need them most [10].
Conclusion
Emerging therapies for keratoderma offer exciting new options for patients who have struggled with conventional treatments. Advances in pharmacological treatments, such as JAK inhibitors, biologic agents, and gene therapy, provide hope for more effective, targeted solutions. Meanwhile, novel topical therapies like retinoids and immunomodulators offer localized treatment options that are both effective and less invasive. With continued research and innovation, it is likely that keratoderma will become a more manageable condition, allowing patients to lead more comfortable lives. As new treatments continue to develop, it is crucial that dermatologists stay informed and provide personalized care to ensure the best outcomes for patients.
References
- Naik PP. Novel targets and therapies for keloid. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2022;47(3):507-15.
- Ambur A, Clark A, Nathoo R. An updated review of the therapeutic management of keratoacanthomas. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2022;15(12 Suppl 1):S16.
- Arcuri D, Ramchatesingh B, Lagacé F, et al. Pharmacological agents used in the prevention and treatment of actinic keratosis: A review. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24(5):4989.
- Memariani H, Memariani M, Moravvej H, et al. Emerging and novel therapies for keloids: A compendious review. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J. 2021;21(1):e22.
- Del Rosso JQ, Kircik L, Goldenberg G, et al. Comprehensive management of actinic keratoses: Practical integration of available therapies with a review of a newer treatment approach. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2014;7(9 Suppl S2-S12):S2.
- Lawrence N. New and emerging treatments for photoaging. Dermatol Clin. 2000;18(1):99-112.
- Maghfour J, Ly S, Haidari W, et al. Treatment of keratosis pilaris and its variants: A systematic review. J Dermatol Treat. 2022;33(3):1231-42.
- Boguniewicz M, Alexis AF, Beck LA, et al. Expert perspectives on management of moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: A multidisciplinary consensus addressing current and emerging therapies. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2017;5(6):1519-31.
- Karri VV, Kuppusamy G, Talluri SV, et al. Current and emerging therapies in the management of diabetic foot ulcers. Curr Med Res Opin. 2016;32(3):519-42.
- Lee GR, Maarouf M, Hendricks AK, et al. Current and emerging therapies for hand eczema. Dermatol Ther. 2019;32(3):e12840.
Indexed at, Google Scholar, Cross Ref
Indexed at, Google Scholar, Cross Ref
Indexed at, Google Scholar, Cross Ref
Indexed at, Google Scholar, Cross Ref
Indexed at, Google Scholar, Cross Ref
Indexed at, Google Scholar, Cross Ref