Journal of Aging and Geriatric Psychiatry

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Mini Review - Journal of Aging and Geriatric Psychiatry (2025) Volume 9, Issue 3

Dementia: Evolving diagnostics, prevention, personalized care

Tom Dening*

Department of School of Medicine, University of Nottingham

*Corresponding Author:
Tom Dening
Department of School of Medicine
University of Nottingham.
E-mail: Dening34@gmail.com

Received : 03-Aug-2025, Manuscript No. aaagp-25-203; Editor assigned : 05-Aug-2025, PreQC No. aaagp-25-203(PQ); Reviewed : 25-Aug-2025, QC No aaagp-25-203; Revised : 03-Sep-2025, Manuscript No. aaagp-25-203(R); Published : 12-Sep-2025 , DOI : 10.35841/aaagp-9.3.203

Citation: Dening T. Dementia: Evolving diagnostics, prevention, personalized car. J Age Geriat Psych. 2025;09(03):203.

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Introduction

This review discusses the emergence of blood-based biomarkers as a significant advancement in Alzheimer's disease diagnosis, moving beyond traditional methods. It highlights the potential for these markers, such as amyloid-beta and tau proteins, to enable earlier and less invasive detection, crucial for timely intervention and research. The paper emphasizes their role in improving diagnostic accuracy and monitoring disease progression, addressing challenges for future implementation[1].

This systematic review analyzes the effectiveness of various lifestyle interventions in preventing dementia, synthesizing evidence from randomized controlled trials. It evaluates the impact of physical activity, cognitive training, diet, and social engagement on cognitive decline. The findings underscore the potential of multi-domain interventions to reduce dementia risk, suggesting a holistic approach to healthy living is crucial for brain health[2].

This paper explores the critical role of advanced neuroimaging techniques in accurately diagnosing and effectively managing dementia. It delves into how MRI, PET scans, and other imaging modalities help differentiate various types of dementia by detecting structural and functional brain changes. These tools are becoming indispensable for early detection, monitoring disease progression, and guiding treatment strategies[3].

This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates the efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions for dementia. It synthesizes evidence from numerous randomized controlled trials, covering approaches like cognitive stimulation, exercise, music therapy, and reminiscence therapy. The findings offer insights into which non-drug treatments show promise in improving cognitive function, mood, and quality of life for individuals with dementia, highlighting the importance of tailored care plans[4].

This article discusses the evolving landscape of personalized medicine in Alzheimer's disease, highlighting current approaches and future directions. It explores how tailored treatments based on an individual's genetic profile, biomarker status, and lifestyle factors can optimize therapeutic outcomes. The authors emphasize the shift from a 'one-size-fits-all' model to more precise interventions, aiming for effective prevention and management strategies[5].

This systematic analysis, part of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019, provides comprehensive data on the global, regional, and national burden of dementia from 1990 to 2019. It details the prevalence, incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) associated with dementia worldwide. The study reveals increasing trends, underscoring the urgent need for global public health strategies and research to address this growing health crisis[6].

This article introduces the concept of precision prevention for dementia, advocating for a new paradigm in mitigating risk. It discusses how integrating individual-level data, including genetics, biomarkers, and lifestyle, can lead to highly targeted and personalized prevention strategies. This approach moves beyond generic recommendations, enabling more effective interventions for specific at-risk populations and delaying cognitive decline[7].

This systematic review and meta-analysis examines the influence of social determinants of health on dementia risk. It consolidates evidence on how factors like socioeconomic status, education, race/ethnicity, and access to healthcare contribute to disparities in dementia prevalence and incidence. The paper highlights the critical need to address these upstream social factors to promote brain health equity and reduce the overall burden of dementia globally[8].

This narrative review explores the current applications and future directions of digital health solutions for dementia. It examines technologies including mobile apps, wearable sensors, telehealth platforms, and AI-powered tools, designed to assist in screening, diagnosis, monitoring, and providing care for individuals with dementia. The article emphasizes how digital innovations enhance patient engagement, support caregivers, and enable remote management, offering new avenues for improving dementia care[9].

This review delves into the latest advancements in understanding genetic risk factors for dementia and their clinical implications. It discusses newly identified genes and genetic variants that influence susceptibility to various forms of dementia, including Alzheimer's disease. The authors highlight how genetic research is improving risk prediction, informing drug discovery, and paving the way for targeted preventive and therapeutic strategies, emphasizing the complexity of gene-environment interactions[10].

 

Conclusion

Research into dementia is rapidly evolving, focusing on advanced diagnostic tools like blood-based biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease, which promise earlier, less invasive detection and improved diagnostic accuracy. Neuroimaging techniques, including MRI and PET scans, are also proving indispensable for early diagnosis, helping differentiate dementia types and guiding treatment by revealing structural and functional brain changes. Prevention strategies emphasize lifestyle interventions such as physical activity, cognitive training, diet, and social engagement, with multi-domain approaches showing significant potential to reduce dementia risk. This extends to precision prevention, advocating for highly targeted strategies that integrate individual genetics, biomarkers, and lifestyle data to delay cognitive decline in at-risk populations. Personalized medicine for Alzheimer's is also emerging, moving towards tailored treatments based on an individual's genetic profile and biomarker status to optimize therapeutic outcomes. Non-pharmacological interventions, including cognitive stimulation, exercise, music therapy, and reminiscence therapy, are being rigorously evaluated, with findings suggesting their efficacy in improving cognitive function, mood, and quality of life for those living with dementia. Understanding the global impact is crucial; systematic analyses reveal increasing trends in dementia burden worldwide, highlighting an urgent need for public health strategies. Social determinants of health, like socioeconomic status and education, significantly influence dementia risk, underscoring the necessity to address these factors for brain health equity. Digital health solutions, such as mobile apps, wearables, telehealth platforms, and Artificial Intelligence (AI) powered tools, are transforming dementia care by assisting in screening, diagnosis, monitoring, and supporting caregivers. Lastly, ongoing genetic research is uncovering new risk factors, enhancing risk prediction, guiding drug discovery, and paving the way for targeted interventions, despite the complex interplay of genes and environment.

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