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Ann Clin Trials Vaccines Res. 2017 | Volume 1 Issue 2
allied
academies
Global Vaccines & Vaccination Summit & B2B
November 01-02, 2017 | Toronto, Canada
Measles virus (MV) is the only human virus within the
morbillivirus genus of the Paramyxoviridae. The virus
can cause severe complications such as measles giant cell
pneumonia and acute post measles encephalitis. More rarely
fatal infections of the CNS, subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
(SSPE) and in immunosuppressed individual’s measles inclusion
body encephalitis (MIBE) occur. The World Health Organization
(WHO) has set goals towards the complete eradication of
MV in at least five WHO regions by 2020 raising the risk of
zoonotic infection. MV is thought to have evolved from the now
eradicated cattle morbillivirus, rinderpest, and to have entered
the human population during cattle domestication. Lessons
have also been learned from other animal to human virus
transmission i.e. human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) andmore
recently avian influenza, severe acute respiratory syndrome
(SARS) and Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome (MERS). This
highlights the potential consequences of complete withdrawal
of MV vaccination after eradication. This may present presents
problems as the closely related veterinary members in the
genus share common cell entry receptors. Therefore, novel
cross reacting vaccines will be required. The current measles
vaccine is live attenuated and has very low risk of reversion but
is still unlikely to be acceptable in a MV free world raising the
need for alternative approaches. A formalin fixed MV vaccine
was used for a period in the 1960’s but provided short lived
and non-complete immunity with an altered immune response
and death of some children following later infection. This has
encouraged research into recombinant vaccines for MV and
the closely related veterinary viruses using other virus vector
systems. The potential for zoonotic infection and approached
to vaccination will be discussed.
Speaker Biography
S Louise Cosby was appointed as Head of Virology Branch at the Agri-Food and
Biosciences institute, UK in 2015. She was Chair of Microbiology in Queen’s University
Belfast from 2002 and remains an Emeritus Professor. She is a Fellow of Royal College
of Pathologists (London) and Fellow of the Royal Society of Biology, UK. She has
served/currently serves on grant/editorial boards: BBSRC, UK; Chair/member, Science
Foundation Ireland; Deputy Chair Professional Development Committee, Microbiology
Society, UK; Associate Editor, Journal of Neurovirology , USA; Review Editor, Frontiers
in Microbiology; External Assessor for Appointments and Promotions in Medical
Microbiology, University of Malaysia. Her research interests are in virus pathogenesis
including virus-receptor interactions, virus-induced immunosuppression and vaccine
development. Her work has focused on paramyxoviruses of both human and veterinary
interest, with publications/grant funding in this area.
e:
S Louise Cosby
Queen’s University Belfast, UK
Measles vaccination: Threat from related veterinary viruses and need for continued
vaccination post measles eradication