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Journal of Microbiology: Current Research | Volume 2
November 01-02, 2018 | London, UK
7
th
European
Clinical Microbiology Congress
4
th
International Conference on
Ophthalmology and Eye Disorder
Joint Event
&
T
he presentation will elaborate on twelve neuro-
ophthalmologic disorders, part of a longer list, which can
potentially cause death or blindness if not diagnosed and
treated correctly: Aneurysmal third nerve palsy; aneurysm is
not the most common compressive lesion causing third nerve
palsy, but it has the highest mortality if untreated. Giant cell
arteritis is an idiopathic inflammatory vasculitis affecting small–
to-medium size arteries, which can cause blindness, but also
cerebral infarction and cardiac ischemia. Myasthenia gravis is
an autoimmune disease of the neuromuscular junction, which
has both an ocular and generalized form. Myasthenic crisis is
a neurologic emergency, which causes paralysis of the muscles
of breathing. Pituitary apoplexy results from hemorrhagic
infarction of the pituitary gland and causes acute endocrine
and neurologic symptoms. Pseudotumor cerebri or idiopathic
intracranial hypertension is a condition of unknown cause
that produces elevated intracranial pressure and papilledema
primarily in young obese females. In 24% of cases can cause
visual dysfunction. Primary optic nerve sheath meningioma
is the most common tumor of the optic nerve sheath, and it
typically presents with a slowly progressive optic neuropathy
characterized by a variable loss of visual acuity. Pituitary
adenomas are the most common cause of chiasmal lesions in
adults. The most common symptom of a chiasmal compressive
lesion is gradual, painless, progressive and bilateral vision
loss. Fungal optic neuropathy may complicate meningitis
resulting from a variety of molds and yeasts. The prevalence
of these disorders increases in immunocompromised or
immunosuppressed patients with diabetes, lymphoreticular
disorders or AIDS. Neuromyelitis optica or Devic’s disease is
characterized by acute or subacute loss of vision in one or both
eyes caused by acute optic neuropathy preceded or followed
within days or weeks by a transverse or ascending myelopathy.
Horner syndrome is manifested with acute neck pain and a
miotic pupil. It may be caused by a lesion along the sympathetic
pathway that supplies the head, eye and neck. Toxic/nutritional
optic neuropathies usually develop overmonthswith a painless,
bilateral, symmetric and progressive loss of central vision, but
some cases may present with acute and severe vision loss such
as poisoning withmethanol or ethylene glycol. Amaurosis fugax
lasting minutes in an altitudinal fashion should be considered to
be ischemic, due to cardioembolic source or giant cell arteritis,
until proven otherwise.
Speaker Biography
Shlomo Dotan attended medical school at the Hebrew University–Hadassah Hospital
in Jerusalem, between the years 1968 and 1974. He completed his internship and
residency in ophthalmology and received his license as a specialist in ophthalmology
from the Israeli Ministry of Health in 1986. In 1989, he started a clinical fellowship
in neuro-ophthalmology at the Kellogg Eye Center in Ann Arbor, MI, USA, under the
supervision of Dr. Jonathan Trobe, a world leading neuro-ophthalmologist. For the
last 27 years, he was the chief of the neuro-ophthalmology service at the Hadassah-
Hebrew University Medical Center in Ein Kerem, Jerusalem. He speaks fluently five
languages, is the author of almost forty scientific articles and the organizer and speaker
in many ophthalmological and neuro-ophthalmological conferences.
e:
docdotan@smile.net.ilShlomo Dotan
Hadassah University, Israel
The 12 neuro-ophthalmological diagnoses you would hate to miss
Shlomo Dotan, Clinical Microbiology and Eye 2018, Volume 2
DOI: 10.4066/2591-8036-C1-001